Artificial Intelligence Dan Ijtihad Digital: Perspektif Hukum Islam Terhadap Inovasi Modern

Abstract

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has created new opportunities in Islamic legal studies, particularly through the concept of digital ijtihad. AI's ability to analyse information quickly and systematically makes it a highly potent tool in the process of legal deduction. However, the application of AI in Islamic legal decision-making presents ethical and epistemological challenges, given that AI lacks morality, fiqh intuition, or understanding of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. Through a literature analysis of nine relevant studies, this research investigates the position of Artificial Intelligence in the perspective of ijma' ulama (consensus of scholars) and its relation to current technological innovations. The findings show that the scholars agree that artificial intelligence should serve as an analytical tool that needs to be supervised by Shariah experts. Artificial Intelligence has the potential to accelerate the search for arguments and analysis of Islamic texts, but it cannot take over the position of mujtahid authority. This study emphasises the importance of implementing ethical management, appropriate regulations, and collaboration between technological authorities and religious institutions to ensure that the use of Artificial Intelligence is based on Sharia principles. Therefore, the integration of Artificial Intelligence based on the principles of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah can benefit society without compromising the integrity of Islamic law