Menjaga Keunggulan Kompetitif Melalui Pandangan Berbasis Sumber Daya yang Dinamis
Keywords:
Kemampuan dinamis, Pandangan Berbasis Sumber Daya, Keunggulan Kompetitif, Formulasi Strategis, Sumber Daya VRINAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji evolusi teoretis dari Resource-Based View (RBV) ke Dynamic Resource-Based View (DRBV) untuk menjelaskan bagaimana perusahaan mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif dalam lingkungan yang berubah dengan cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keterbatasan RBV, mengklarifikasi peran kemampuan dinamis, dan mengusulkan model terintegrasi untuk formulasi strategis kontemporer. Dengan menggunakan metodologi konseptual terstruktur, studi ini mensintesis literatur dari manajemen strategis, teori organisasi, dan studi inovasi. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa penekanan RBV pada sumber daya VRIN tidak memadai dalam konteks yang bergejolak karena asumsi statisnya. DRBV memperluas landasan ini dengan memasukkan kemampuan dinamis mendeteksi, memanfaatkan, dan menyesuaikan yang memfasilitasi pembaruan sumber daya dan adaptasi strategis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dinamika lingkungan mempercepat obsolesensi sumber daya, memperkuat kebutuhan akan pembaruan yang didorong oleh kemampuan. Model terintegrasi RBV–DRBV mengungkapkan bahwa keunggulan kompetitif muncul dari interaksi antara heterogenitas sumber daya dan kelincahan kemampuan, yang membentuk formulasi strategis dan hasil kinerja. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa DRBV menyediakan kerangka kerja yang lebih komprehensif untuk memahami keunggulan dalam kondisi volatilitas dan memberikan panduan praktis untuk merancang strategi adaptif di industri digital dan berkecepatan tinggi. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya pembaruan berkelanjutan dan pengembangan kemampuan untuk mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif jangka panjang.
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