Maqasid Syariah dalam Ekonomi: Konsep, Tujuan Ekonomi Syariah, dan Penerapannya dalam Transaksi Modern

Abstract

The development of the modern economy, characterized by the digitalization of transactions, financial innovation, and the increasing complexity of economic activities, requires an economic system that is not only profit-oriented but also upholds the principles of justice and public welfare. This study aims to analyze the concept of maqasid al-shariah, explain the objectives of the Islamic economic system from the perspective of maqasid al-shariah, and examine its implementation in modern economic transactions. This research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. The data were collected through documentation studies of the Qur'an, Hadith, books, and relevant scholarly articles, and were analyzed using descriptive-analytical content analysis. The findings indicate that maqasid al-shariah serves as the philosophical foundation of Islamic economics, focusing on the protection of religion (hifz al-din), life (hifz al-nafs), intellect (hifz al-'aql), lineage (hifz al-nasl), and wealth (hifz al-mal). The implementation of these principles is reflected in various Islamic economic instruments, including Islamic banking, zakat, productive waqf, Islamic financial technology (fintech), and e-commerce transactions that emphasize justice, transparency, and the avoidance of riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty), and maisir (gambling). Therefore, maqasid al-shariah remains highly relevant in addressing contemporary economic challenges and can serve as a paradigm for establishing an equitable, inclusive, and welfare-oriented economic system.