Sejarah Pendidikan Islam pada Masa Islamisasi di Nusantara

Abstract

This article examines the history of Islamic education during the Islamization period in the Nusantara (Maritime Southeast Asia), encompassing the process of Islam’s arrival, the development of educational institutions, the methods and materials applied, and the roles of Islamic scholars (ulama) and saints (wali). Employing a historical-descriptive approach, the study finds that Islamization proceeded peacefully and gradually through trade, marriage, and preaching. Several theories account for Islam’s origins in Nusantara, including the Gujarat, Mecca, Persian, and Chinese theories. Institutions that emerged include the surau, langgar, pesantren, and dayah. Teaching methods comprised the halaqah, sorogan, and bandongan, with curricula covering Qur’anic studies, fiqh, tauhid, tasawuf, and Arabic grammar. The ulama and Wali Songo played a pivotal role in advancing Islamic education through culturally adaptive approaches.