Antara Bantuan dan Ketergantungan: Literatur Review Pengaruh AI terhadap Kognisi Peserta Didik
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, education, cognitifAbstract
Development of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought significant changes to the learning process and has influenced students’ cognitive development. This article reviews several recent studies from 2023 to 2025 that examine the impact of AI on learning motivation, memory, critical thinking, and creativity, using a literature review approach to identify the benefits, risks, and strategies for optimizing AI utilization in educational contexts. The review findings indicate that AI can enhance engagement, personalized learning, and information access efficiency, while also supporting the development of critical thinking and creativity through human-AI collaboration. However, excessive dependence on AI may reduce memory training, analytical skills, and individual creative potential. Therefore, teacher guidance and digital literacy are essential factors to ensure balanced and effective AI use. Overall, this study emphasizes that AI has the potential to strengthen students’ motivation and cognition if strategically integrated, providing a foundation for educators and policymakers to design safe, balanced AI-based learning interventions that foster higher-order thinking skills.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, cognition, creativity, critical thinking, learning motivation
Downloads
References
Benítez, M. A., Ceballos, R. C., Molina, K. D. V., Araujo, S. M., Villaroel, S. E. V., & Justel, N. (2025). Efficiency Without Cognitive Change: Evidence from Human Interaction with Narrow AI Systems.
Gerlich, M. (2025). AI Tools in Society: Impacts on Cognitive Offloading and the Future of Critical Thinking. Societies, 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15010006
Jati Jatmika, B., & Amalia, K. (2024). Peran Ergonomi Kognitif Dalam Mengatasi Ancaman Kecerdasan Buatan Terhadap Eksistensi Manusia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Humaniora Indonesia, 3, 69–82. https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jishi.120
Kurniasari, P., Mardikaningsih, A., & Sari, R. S. (2025). Dependensi Penggunaan Kecerdasan Buatan AI (Artificial Intelligence) Terhadap Tugas Akademik Mahasiswa. JUPEIS : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 4, 604–612. https://doi.org/10.57218/jupeis.vol4.iss3.1801
Linden, K., Hachem, H. H., & Kondyli, V. (2025). Homo Promptus: Predicting the impact of generative AI on human memory and creativity. Memory, Mind and Media, 4. https://doi.org/10.1017/mem.2025.10012
Melisa, R., Ashadi, A., Triastuti, A., Hidayati, S., Salido, A., Luansi Ero, P. E., Marlini, C., Zefrin, Z., & Al Fuad, Z. (2025). Critical Thinking in the Age of AI: A Systematic Review of AI’s Effects on Higher Education. Educational Process: International Journal, 14. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.14.31
Moșoi, A. A., Maican, C. I., Cazan, A. M., & Sumedrea, S. (2025a). Do students need to think hard? The interplay of AI and cognitive abilities in solving problems. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13738-8
Moșoi, A. A., Maican, C. I., Cazan, A. M., & Sumedrea, S. (2025b). Do students need to think hard? The interplay of AI and cognitive abilities in solving problems. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13738-8
Riley, C., Al-Refai, O., Reyes, Y. C., & Hammad, E. (2025). Human-AI Interactions: Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Impacts.
Sindhi, P. (2025). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Resource Practice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT, 09, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem50828
Usman, U., Kholisoh, S., Rahayu, S., Aulia, A., & Alta, A. A. P. (2025). Implikasi Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) terhadap Keterampilan Pembelajaran Abad 21. Jurnal Basicedu, 9, 1042–1049. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v9i4.10263
Vernanda, C., Dewi, V. C., Yakobus, Y., & Jayanti, W. E. (2025). PENGARUH ARTIFICIAL INTELLEGENCE (AI) TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERFIKIR KRITIS PELAJAR ATAU MAHASISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH. Journal of Information Systems Management and Digital Business, 2, 346–357. https://doi.org/10.70248/jismdb.v2i4.2543
Yani, A. (2024). Peran Artificial Intelligence sebagai Salah Satu Faktor dalam Menentukan Kualitas Mahasiswa di Era Society 5.0. Journal of Education Research, 5, 1089–1096. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i2.963
Zhang, M., Li, Y., Peng, Y., Sun, Y., Guo, W., Hu, H., Chen, S., & Zhao, Q. (2025). AI Delivers Creative Output but Struggles with Thinking Processes.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Dirzi Adari, Mega kencana, Suci Fajrina (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
